Ligustrum vulgare L.

Species: Ligustrum vulgare L., Genus: Ligustrum, Family: Oleaceae, Group: Angiosperms

(Ligustrum vulgare L.)

-> Genus: Ligustrum -> Family: Oleaceae -> Group: Angiosperms

Habitus

it is a shrub growing to a height of 2 - 4 m
crown is irregular, densely branched
bark is grey, later dark grey to blackish

Buds

bud arrangement is crosswise opposite (straight to obliquely opposite)
buds are ovate, sessile, 2 - 4 mm large, covering scales are dark brown

Ligustrum vulgare - buds arranged diagonally opposite

Ligustrum vulgare - buds directly opposite

Shoots

shoots are round, greenish-grey
lenticels are small, yellowish

Leaves (assimilation organs)

the leaves are simple, narrowly lanceolate, bluntly pointed, entire margin, leathery, widest in the middle
they are deciduous, but can also be overwintering (then they are purple), 4 - 7 x 1 - 2 cm in size
the petiole is 5 - 7 mm long

Flowers

it is a monoecious tree, flowers are bisexual, white, 4-flowered
they are grouped in 5 - 8 cm long straight terminal panicles
it blooms in June

Fruits – seeds

the fruit is a dark purple to black spherical berry, 6 - 10 mm in size
it usually contains two elliptical seeds, 2 - 3 mm in size, resembling a coffee bean in shape
it ripens in October

Extension

it was originally widespread in Southern and Central Europe, in the east to western Ukraine and the Caucasus
in Slovakia it grows in lowlands - floodplain forests and hills, up to a maximum of 780 m above the sea level

Ecology

it is a semi-shaded and frost-resistant tree
in the understorey it is often a companion of oaks (in the understory as the lower layer)
it grows in floodplain forests, but also on dry rocky slopes

Significance

it is a park tree used in hedges
it is decorative with flowers, leaves (various colored forms) and fruits (fruits as food for birds)
a filler tree in oak stands (forms the lower layer together with other trees - field maple (Acer campestre), common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), ...)

Ligustrum vulgare - as a lower layer in oak stands

Ligustrum vulgare - as a filler tree in oak stands, where it forms the lower tier together with other trees

From history

Ligustrum vulgare - Unsere Waldbäume, Sträucher und Zwergholzgewächse. Heidelberg, Carl Winter`s Universitätsbuchhandlung

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