Habitus

it is a shrub 2 - 5 m high
crown is irregular, relatively sparsely branched
bark is yellowish-grey, later dark grey, longitudinally finely reticulately fissured

Buds

buds are arranged directly opposite
the buds themselves are ellipsoidal to obovate, pointed, widest in the upper third
envelope scales are green to red
terminal buds are most often paired !

Viburnum opulus (Guelder-rose) - terminal paired buds

Shoots

shoots are grey-yellow to light brown, often slightly 6-sided
lenticels are convex

Leaves (assimilation organs)

the leaves are simple, palmately 3 (5) lobed, broadly ovate to round in outline, opposite, 5 - 10 x 5 - 8 cm in size
the lobes are pointed, distantly serrate along the margin
the petiole is 2 - 4 cm long with two rows of convex round glands under the leaf blade

Viburnum opulus (Guelder-rose) - top side

Viburnum opulus (Guelder-rose) - underside

Viburnum opulus (Guelder-rose) - twig with leaves

Flowers

the tree is monoecious, the flowers are bisexual, white, grouped into a panicle-like spike at the end of this year's shoots
the large, peripheral flowers of the inflorescence are sterile !

Viburnum opulus (Guelder-rose) - the large flowers of the inflorescence are sterile

Fruits – seeds

the fruit is carmine red when ripe, 8-10 mm large, spherical drupe
it ripens in IX - X
it contains one compressed 6-9 mm large heart-shaped seed
the pulp is bitter, smelly !

Extension

originally in almost all of Europe, Asia Minor to North Africa
in Slovakia from the lowest elevations to 940 (1,160) m above the sea level
it occurs in floodplain forests, moist deciduous forests, coastal thickets

Viburnum opulus (Guelder-rose) - castle cliff of Muráň Castle

Ecology

partially shaded woody plant, frost-resistant, resistant to exhalation

Significance

it is ornamental:
- with abundant white flowers
- often used is the full-flowered sterile form with spherical inflorescences
- in autumn with fruits that persist until winter and leaves that turn red
fruitful - the fruits in autumn serve as food for birds
overripe fruits tend to "sour" in late autumn, which can also cause "certain difficulties" for hungry singing birds : )

Viburnum opulus (Guelder-rose) - overripe drupes

Viburnum opulus (Guelder-rose) - a full-flowered sterile form with spherical inflorescences

Viburnum opulus (Guelder-rose) - full-flowered sterile form with spherical inflorescences (Hrádok Arboretum)

Viburnum opulus (Guelder-rose) - in autumn dress

From history

Viburnum opulus (Guelder-rose) - Unsere Waldbäume, Sträucher und Zwergholzgewächse. Heidelberg, Carl Winter`s Universitätsbuchhandlung

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