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Systematics of woody plants
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Alphabetical list of trees
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
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Species:
Quercus rubra L.
(Quercus rubra L.)
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Genus:
Quercus
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Family:
Fagaceae
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Group:
Angiosperms
Habitus
tree with the height of 30 - 40 m, crown broadly oval, spreading, branches thick
bark is long smooth light gray and even at an older age only shallowly rectangularly cracked bork
Buds
buds are arranged in a spiral, piled at the end, egg-shaped, pointed, 5 - 8 x 3 - 5 mm in size, sitting
the scales are multiple, brown to reddish with a darker edge
Shoots
they are direct, longitudinally grooved, green-brown
lenticels: small, yellowish
Leaves (assimilation organs)
the leaves are simple, pinnately lobed to incised, elongated elliptical, 12 - 22 x 8 - 10 cm in size
the incisions are rounded, with 3 - 5 spiny tips on the individual lobes
the upper side is dark green, matte, and glabrous
the underside is light green, at least hairy in the axils of the veins
the petiole is 3 - 5 cm long, glossy
the leaves themselves are firm, thin, leathery
in autumn, they turn red
Flowers
it is a dioecious woody plant, the flowers are of different sexes
it blooms relatively late in spring in V – VI
Fruits – seeds
the fruit is an oval achene stored in a shallow leathery involucre
it is 1.5 - 2.5 x 1.0 - 1.5 cm in size, truncated at the base, and narrowed to a sharp tip at the top
it is reddish-brown, slightly silvery and hairy around the top
it ripens in September of the second year
Extension
originally widespread in the eastern part of the North American continent
it grows at altitudes from 300 to 1,600 m above the sea level
it reaches its largest dimensions on glacial moraines and riverbanks with flowing groundwater
it was introduced to Europe in 1691
Ecology
in its youth, it can tolerate shading
in Slovakia, it thrives in wetter soils with a high level of flowing groundwater
it is frost-resistant
Significance
it is a decorative tree mainly with red-colored leaves in autumn
it provides high-quality wood
From history
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